The town of Pawnee, Oklahoma, was first a trading post on Bear Creek, and then the agency for the Pawnee tribe after their removal from Nebraska.
The 646 acre Pawnee Tribal Reserve is home for the Pawnee Tribe Agency offices. The old Pawnee Indian School buildings, most of which have been restored, are being used by the Tribe. All of these buildings are on the National Register of Historic Buildings. The Tribal Hospital, now just a clinic, is still in use. The grounds also contain the new roundhouse and campgrounds, that are used for the Tribes dances and gatherings.